Background and Introduction -- Origin -- Further Developments -- Development Dimension -- Tokyo Round -- Uruguay Round -- General Trends -- How to Read WTO Agreements -- General Scheme of Agreements -- General Principles -- Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN) Treatment -- Forms of Benefit -- Coverage of Benefit -- Some Important Concepts -- Some Important Considerations -- Exceptions -- Importance of MFN Principle for Multilateralism and Erosion of the Principle -- National Treatment -- Main Elements -- Some Important Concepts -- Some Important Considerations -- Exceptions -- Emerging Problems -- Other General Principles -- Obligations Relating to Regional Governments -- Status of Laws and Regulations -- Transparency -- Market Access -- Tariffs -- Main Disciplines -- Types of Tariff -- Classification -- Binding of Tariffs -- Increase in Tariff Beyond Binding -- Schedule -- Tariff Quota -- Preferential Tariff -- Other Matters -- Safeguards -- Nature of Safeguard Measures -- Preconditions for Taking Safeguard Measures -- Procedure for Taking Safeguard Measures -- Special Disciplines Regarding Quantiative Restrictions -- Limitations and General Disciplines -- Termination of Pre-Existing Measures -- Grey-Area Measures -- Non-Discrimination or Selectivity -- Notification -- Provisions for Developing Countries -- Dispute Settlement -- Special Safeguard Provisions -- Balance-of-Payments Provisions (Article XVIIIB of GATT 1994) -- General Conditions for Use of Article XVIII of GATT 1994 -- Permissible Action Under Article XVIIIB -- Limitations on Action Under Article XVIIIB -- Notification -- Consultations -- Emerging Issues -- Technical Barriers to Trade -- Definitions and Procedure -- Exclusion of Coverage -- Disciplines on Technical Regulations -- Formulation of Standards -- Assessment of Conformity -- Developing Countries -- Other Provisions -- Emerging Issues -- Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures -- Definitions -- Nature of SPS Measures -- Limitations on SPS Measures -- Conformity with International Standards -- Assessment of Risk -- Provisional Measures -- Transparency, Publication. Notification, Enquiry Point -- Other Provisions -- Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMs) -- Prohibited Measures -- Flexibility for Developing Country Members -- Elimination of Existing Measures -- Introduction of New Measures -- Notification and Transparency -- Committee, Consultation and Dispute Settlement -- General Exceptions -- Main Elements -- Recent Issues -- Measures Against Unfair Trade -- Subsidies and Countervailing Measures -- Disciplines -- What is a Subsidy? -- Permissible (Non-Actionable) Subsidies -- Prohibited Subsidies -- Actionable Subsidies -- Remedies -- Determination of Injury -- Imposition of Countervailing Duty -- Intermediate Steps -- Some Other Provisions -- Special Provisions for Developing Countries -- Countries in Transition -- Anti-Dumping -- Effects of Dumping, Varying Interests and Pressures -- Dumping -- Export Price -- Normal Value -- Comparison of Export Price and Normal Value -- Investigation for Dumping and Injury -- Newcomers -- Dispute Settlement Process -- Other Provisions -- Some Specific Sectors -- Agriculture -- Areas of Commitments -- Market Access -- Domestic Support -- Export Subsidy -- Export Restriction -- Limitations on Action Against Subsidy -- Other Provisions -- Textiles and Clothing -- Progressive Liberalisation -- Continuing Restrictions -- Safeguards -- Circumvention -- Sectoral Balance of Rights and Obligations -- Textiles Monitoring Body -- Termination of the Agreement -- Procedural And Other Matters Relating To Goods -- Customs Valuation -- Discipline -- Transaction Value -- Other Methods of Determination of Customs Value -- Other Provisions -- Import Licensing -- General Disciplines -- Automatic Licensing -- Non-Automatic Licensing -- Other Provisions -- Rules of Origin -- Discipline -- Main Criteria Applied in the Rules of Origin -- Disciplines in the Transition Period -- Harmonisation of Rules of Origin -- Disciplines After Transition Period -- Common Declaration on Preferential Rules of Origin -- Other Matters -- Preshipment Inspection -- Definitions and the Process -- Disciplines -- Other Obligations -- State Trading Enterprises -- General Disciplines -- Institution -- Part IV of GATT 1994 -- Article XXXVI -- Article XXXVII -- Article XXXVIII -- The Committee on Trade and Development -- Plurilateral agreements -- Areas Other Than Goods -- Services -- Frame of Commitments -- Modes of Supply -- Specific Commitments -- General Obligations and Disciplines -- Safeguard Measures, Subsidies, Government Procurement -- Consultation and Dispute Settlement -- Annexes on Specific Issues and Sectors -- Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) -- Basic Objectives, Principles and General Obligations -- Patents -- Copyright and Related Rights -- Trademarks -- Geographical Indications -- Industrial Designs -- Layout-Designs of Integrated Circuits -- Undisclosed Information -- Anti-Competitive Practices -- Enforcement of IPRs -- Dispute Settlement Process -- Application of the Agreement, Interim Measures -- Institutional Arrangement, Review, Security Exceptions -- Dispute Settlement And Institutional Matters -- Dispute Settlement Process -- Coverage -- Articles XXII and XXIII of GATT 1994 -- Procedure for Dispute Settlement Process -- Cross-Sector and Cross-Agreement Suspension -- Some Other Provisions -- Multilateral Process in Dispute Settlement -- Special Provisions Relating to Dispute Settlement -- Institutional Matters -- Membership -- Decision-Making -- Structure of the WTO, Councils, Committees.

The WTO Agreements are rewriting wholesale the rules of economic intercourse between countries. This detailed and intelligible guide is for those negotiators, trade policy officials, executives in industry and students of international economic relations and commercial diplomacy who need to understand the new multilateral framework for world trade.