Ch. 1: Introduction, Evaluation of Evidence on Mechanisms of Disease Production, and Summary -- Introduction -- Evaluation of evidence on mechanisms of disease production -- Mechanisms of action: necessary, sufficient, or neither -- Description of evidence on mechanisms of disease production -- Scientific basis of the report -- Development of the report -- Major conclusions -- Chapter conclusions -- References -- Ch. 2: The Changing Cigarette -- Introduction -- Cigarette design changes over the years -- New cigarette products -- Low-nicotine cigarettes -- Cigarette-like products -- Evaluation of new cigarette products -- New oversight of tobacco products -- Summary -- Conclusions -- References -- Ch. 3: Chemistry and Toxicology of Cigarette Smoke and Biomarkers of Exposure and Harm -- Introduction -- Chemistry -- Biomarkers -- Summary -- Conclusions -- References -- Ch. 4: Nicotine Addiction: Past And Present -- Introduction -- Definition of nicotine addiction -- Tobacco constituents and pharmacokinetics -- Components of nicotine addiction -- Pathophysiology of nicotine addiction -- Genetics -- Prevalence and trajectory toward nicotine dependence -- Epidemiology of tobacco use and nicotine dependence in adults -- Trajectory of recovery or relapse -- Evidence summary -- Conclusion -- References -- Ch. 5: Cancer -- Introduction -- Carcinogen exposure, metabolism, and DNA adducts -- DNA repair and conversion of adducts to mutations -- Gene mutations in tobacco-induced cancer -- Loss of mechanisms for growth control -- Other aspects -- Evidence summary -- Conclusions -- References -- Ch. 6: Cardiovascular Diseases -- Introduction -- Tobacco use and cardiovascular disease -- Secondhand tobacco smoke and cardiovascular disease -- Pathophysiology -- Hemodynamic effects -- Smoking and the endothelium -- Thrombogenic effects -- Inflammation -- Smoking and diabetes -- Lipid abnormalities -- Cardiovascular biomarkers -- Smoking cessation and cardiovascular disease -- Methods to reduce exposure -- Evidence summary -- Conclusions -- References -- Ch. 7: Pulmonary Diseases -- Introduction -- Smoking and respiratory defense mechanisms -- Oxidative stress -- Oxidative stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease -- Genetics of pulmonary disease and susceptibility to tobacco smoke -- Pathogenesis of emphysema -- Summary -- Evidence summary -- Conclusions -- Implications -- References -- Ch. 8: Reproductive and Developmental Effects -- Introduction -- Review of epidemiologic literature on smoking -- Pathophysiological and cellular and molecular mechanisms of smoking -- Implications -- Evidence summary -- Conclusions -- References -- Ch. 9: A Vision for the Future -- The global tobacco epidemic -- Reducing the risks from smoking -- Ending the tobacco epidemic -- Concluding remarks -- Appendix 9-1: Recommendations for future research -- Appendix 9-2: Ending the tobacco problem: a blueprint for the nation -- Appendix 9-3: Promoting healthy lifestyles: policy, program, and personal recommendations for reducing cancer risk -- References -- List of abbreviations -- List of tables and figures -- Definitions and alternative nomenclature of genetic symbols used in this report -- Index.

Includes bibliographical references and index.